types of bisbee turquoisetypes of bisbee turquoise

Used with permission. Connoisseurs can tell the actual mine of origin of many cut gemstones because of distinctive nuances in color and matrix. Dyeing, Infusion/Impregnation, Surface Coating. WebTurquoise from Bisbee has a reputation as a hard, finely webbed stone with high blue color, ranging from sky blue to a dark lavender blue. Bisbee turquoise has a fascinating history that stems back over a hundred years. It was not long after Bisbee Turquoise was discovered in the Mine that it was introduced to the Southwestern Jewelry Industry. The Kingman Turquoise mine in northwestern Arizona was one of the largest turquoise mines in North America. The silver classic blue turquoise bracelet has some of the best healing gemstones, which do not only look aesthetically pleasing but will also make you feel a lot stronger. The hardness is 4.5 on the mohs scale. Any gemstone materials got thrown away by the mining companies. Want to know more about Sunwest Silver? In conclusion, education will add to your confidence in buying this variety of valuable turquoise. Morenci is a very collectible turquoise. Used in the past by cathedrals and kings and now by celebrities, this turquoise has been a status of wealth and a fashionably chic gemstone. Cripple Creek Turquoise (Cripple Creek, Colo.) Ithica Peak Turquoise (adjacent to Kingman Mine) Kingman Turquoise (L.W. Bisbee Turquoise is one of the most valued types of Turquoise that has ever been mined in North America. They were made with the lost wax process by applying layer after layer of wax with dental tools to create a natural flowing of gold to surround the gemstone. Most desirable is the bright lime green turquoise that comes from this mine. Used with permission. Moose is your Trusted Gem Source, specializing in hard-to-find stones and unique mines. Hardy Collection , Az.) js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
Triclinic, although usually massive. A rare deep blue Turquoise producing mine in Nevada, Blue Diamond was mined mostly in the 60s and 70s. WebBisbee turquoise can be found in many different shades of color and quality, from soft, low quality pale blue, to the quality hard brilliant blue turquoise and almost every shade of blue in between. The blue a lot of times is a swirling of two dark blues. Skin oils and cosmetic residues can easily darken the color of turquoise gems. It is the only turquoise in the world which has this appearance. joelarem.com, The late Donald Clark, CSM founded the International Gem Society in 1998. Finally, this ring came from the Viewpoint, Lavender Pit Shop at the rim of the Lavender Pit in Bisbee, Arizona. Bisbee Turquoise is tricky to cut from rough material and is not for all stone cutters. fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
The producing area extends along the Suez Gulf, where the material occurs in sandstone. Crystals: a = 1.61; =1.62: = 1.65. 2022 International Gem Society LLC. Stone Mountain is a small mine in Northern Nevada. Dyed magnesite can also resemble turquoise. Also, wipe pieces with a damp cloth after wearing. Lavender is the color that people commonly refer to as the host rock, or surrounding rock of the turquoise.. Harrison Lavender is actually Phelps Dodge Vice-President and General Manager. Size: 22x15x8mm. IGS member Richard Edley shares his experiences discovering California turquoise and offers advice on desert prospecting. In terms of value, color evenness and saturation are the primary considerations. The mine produces a fine hard gem grade turquoise with colors ranging from a variety of greens to a medium blue. Morenci has an unusual matrix of irregular black pyrite that, when polished, often looks like silver. April 2017 + VIDEO. Turquoise mines in the Southwest United States are the most famous, such as Bisbee, Lander Blue, Number Eight or Lone Mountain. Cripple Creek Turquoise was originally found primarily as a by-product of gold mining, as were many of the Colorado Turquoisemining claims. We also invite you to read our pages onBisbee Turquoise For Sale,Turquoise HealingandTurquoise Chakra's. Dense, compact turquoise of fine color has been found in large deposits. Most Bisbee Turquoise Jewelry stands out 28' feet away - it is usually that good! Since 1972,Sunwest Silver has been All About the Turquoise. For more information, Bisbee Cabochons and Bisbee Turquoise Jewelry as they become available, Join our Newsletter! Turquoise is known as the Skystone by many civilizations, it brings health, happiness and fortune to the bearer and it has been used for its metaphysical healing powers by healers worldwide, historically.The Bisbee Mine in Bisbee, Arizona is one of the most diverse mineral rich mines on Earth, from various types of Crystals to a wide variation of green to blue Gemstones, including Turquoise. Natural stones have a smooth surface. Sitemap | Types of Turquoise 1990 2022 Schannep Ventures L.L.C. Stone Mountain is a small mine in Northern Nevada. Another staple of today turquoise jewelry industry. When you purchase Bisbee turquoise, you know you'llreceive a hard-to-find historical artifact. WebBisbee turquoise has a striking blue color and a chocolate matrix. Interestingly, most jewelry being made with this stone today is being made through old stashes or collections. Like many types of turquoise, they're mined from- Carrico lake. In particular, most of Arizonas turquoise mines are actually large open pit copper mines and the miners lease the turquoise deposits. Sorry, no products matched your selection. Stone Mountain is a small mine in Northern Nevada. The terms Kingman or high blue refer to the blue color usually displayed in this stone. Crystals blue. Another common look of Blue Diamond Turquoise is dark blue with smoky black matrix. Earth movements have brecciated the gem and matrix. This knotted bracelet with hematite obsidian black quartz stone absorbs all negative energy and turns it into positive. Fox is one of Nevadas most productive turquoise mines. However, very little material is available today. Medium Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise, Large Sky Blue Oval Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Medium Sky Blue Free form Bisbee Turquoise, Large Sky Blue Mixed Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Large SkyBlue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Large Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Medium Sky Blue Teardrop Bisbee Turquoise, Large Sky Blue Rectangle Bisbee Turquoise, Medium Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise Mine, Medium SkyBlue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Medium Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, Large Sky Blue Triangle Bisbee Turquoise, Set of 2, L13 x W6 x H3 mm Sky Blue Teardrop Bisbee, L14 x W6 x H4 mm Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee, L15 x W7 x H5 mm Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee, L17 x W6 x H5 mm Sky Blue Freeform Bisbee. The Bisbee Minegot founded in the mid-1970s. Most notably, this mine produces a fine hard gem grade turquoise with colors ranging from a variety of greens to a medium blue. Harrison Lavenderis actually Phelps Dodge Vice-President and General Manager. Here are two 14ky Gold Bisbee Turquoise Rings made byJohn Hartman, a master gold and silversmith, of Durango Silver Company. Co-founder and President of numerous organizations, Dr. Arem has enjoyed a lifelong career in mineralogy and gemology. Only small amounts of Bisbee Turquoise have surfaced since and this has been from Mine Robbers that sneak into the guarded Mine late at night to hunt for bits and pieces of this fine mineral, Bisbee Turquoise! Most of the turquoise got hauled off to an area where waste got dumped. The Bisbee Ring on the right has a nice deep blue Turquoise Stone with red and brown matrix. Only one company was given the lease to the mine, and in that time, less than 2,000 lbs of high-grade stone was recovered. Miners carried tools and leather rock buckets on their backs as they climbed in and out of the shafts using notched logs as ladders. Keep in mind that the color "turquoise" is very popular. The photo on the left is a selection of rough Bisbee Turquoise from the Durango Silver Company collection. The turquoise obtained from this hard work traded among early peoples from Mexico to the Midwest and from the east to west coasts. Few turquoise mines produced nuggets, especially of this quality. It's striking true blue color ranges are spectacular and the chocolate matrix that the Turquoise is found in, extentuates it's beauty. John likes to do a lot of Victorian styled designs as he has been an antique collector for most of his life and that has appearently rubbed off on him. Durango Silver Company had the great fortune to purchase the remaining collection of Bob Matthews and his partner Cecil Michelson in 2002. WebBisbee Turquoise has typical lavender host rock which encases blue turquoise. It has been said that people who use this bracelet feel the power of Artemis upon them and can, therefore, feel a lot better than before. Click here to shop for Bisbee Turquoise Jewelry. Copper adds blue. Turquoise Type: Bisbee Turquoise. Sunwest Turquoise, Purchase a single piece of Bisbee turquoise or multiple quantities today. Wipe with a damp cloth, then wipe dry immediately. There are numerous enhancements for this stone. Bisbee Turquoise has a wide range of color from a beautiful light sky blue to a deep dark midnight blue which is very rare and seldom scene. Consequently, the area produces a huge amount of good quality blue-green stone with a distinctive matrix. With striking sky blue to blue-green colors, turquoise has been prized by cultures all over the world for over 5,000 years. Persian, now Iranian, turquoise is almost synonymous with material of the highest quality. Lavender is the color that people commonly refer to as the host rock, or surrounding rock of the turquoise.. Harrison Lavender is actually Phelps Dodge Vice-President and General Manager. By all means, this material is outstanding and is one of the top Turquoise mines in the United States. All things considered, it is identifiable by the reddish brown host rock. Just as no gem collection would be complete without several representatives of this species, no jewelry collection should be without at least one piece featuring this beloved traditional December birthstone. As early as 3,000 BCE, the Ancient Egyptians mined and worked turquoise into jewelry and ceremonial objects. The color of Number 8 varies from blue with shades of green to beautiful dark blue. }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); Damale Turquoise Cabochons in Turquoise Land. We work closely with individuals and have accumulated a large, authentic collection of this rare turquoise. Turquoise mines in the Southwest United States are the most famous, such as Bisbee, Lander Blue, Number Eight or Lone Mountain. The Morenci Turquoise mine also produces turquoise with a wonderful Birdseye or Water Web matrix pattern. It is our experience through Tucson Turquoise, that many more people prefer the blue color over the green color. Modified Item: No. WebBisbee turquoise is perhaps one of the most valued and best types of turquoise ever produced. Having only ever been actively mined by one independent miner for a short 2 year period from 1972-1974, the turquoise is primarily a by-product of the large copper mining operation owned by the Phelps-Dodge company. In 2004 the Phelps Dodge Mining Company no longer allowed anyone near the hazardous old mine and buried the turquoise pit under 100 feet of dirt. The Blue Diamond Turquoise mine is hard deposit to read and has several different diggings. The Artemis bracelet is perfect for anyone who wants support and calm in their life. WebFind many great new & used options and get the best deals for 23.6Ct Natural Bisbee Arizona Turquoise Cab Old Stock PSSA146 at the best online prices at eBay! In contrast, sometimes people confuse the darker Bisbee Turquoise in darker host rock, for Persian Turquoise. The condition of the turquoise is important. This is the typical pattern for Bisbee Turquoise to form. On one end of this spectrum, we find pieces of hardness 5.5 to 6 that take a bright polish and are minimally porous. We also have a monthly drawing from our members to give away Free Turquoise Jewelry from our company. Found in nodules that may reach hundreds of pounds, this material is solid, takes a high polish, and is uniform in color. The highest grade of Bisbee Blue turquoise is almost lapis lazuli blue and has a brownish-red spiderweb matrix. Taking out over 8,000,000,000 pounds of copper the mine was given the name "The Copper Queen". We pride ourselves in stocking only small, truly unique mines many of them only available via this mailing list! Country of Origin: Arizona. First of all, Royston is actually a district in Nevada consisting of three mines: Bunker Hill, Oscar Wehrend and the largest producer, Royal Blue. Incidentally, the Colbaughs, of Kingman, own and operate the Ithaca Peak Turquoise mine. In New Mexico, many pieces of Cerrillos turquoise for personal and trade use have been unearthed in the prehistoric ruins of Pueblo Bonito in Chaco Canyon. The highest grades of turquoise are used for cabochons, carvings, and inlay. Sleeping Beauty turquoise is the favorite of the Zuni Pueblo silversmiths for use in petit point, needlepoint, and inlay jewelry. WebBisbee turquoise can be found in many different shades of color and quality, from soft, low quality pale blue, to the quality hard brilliant blue turquoise and almost every shade of blue in between. The mine was initially a small operation, and later became a gold mine, limiting the amount of this particular turquoise that actually hits the market. Egyptian turquoise was first found in Egypt 7500 years ago. This spectacular stone with unique color combinations is a must-have for any turquoise lover. This is the typical pattern for Bisbee Turquoise to form. However, the mine no longer operated, which makes this rock rarer than hen's teeth now. Turquoise can have a distinctiveabsorption spectrum, withlines at 4600 (vague) and 4320. The color resembles that of Persian (Iranian) turquoise. It's striking true blue color ranges are spectacular and the chocolate matrix that the Turquoise is found in, extentuates it's beauty. WebTypes of Turquoise Turquoise Types Ajax Bisbee Bisbee (Enhanced) Bisbee (Stabilized) Black Widow Blue Diamond Blue Gem Blue Moon Candelabra Carico Lake Chinese Damele Easter Blue Godber Indian Mountain Kingman Lone Mountain Morenci New Landers Number 8 Orville Jack Persian Pilot Mountain Royston Sleeping Beauty Discover 12 Exquisite Types of Turquoise 1. Also, the light blues are set off by a heavy, brown matrix. It is the only turquoise in the world which has this appearance. Stones average 18-20% water content. Bisbee Turquoise is known for it's chocolate brown matrix, however, red colored spiderwebbed matrix is also found, but rarely. Iran still produces turquoises of this sort. fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
The Inlay Turquoise Bracelet on the right has channel set Bisbee Turquoise Stones individually hand set into it. What Do the Names of Different Types of Turquoise Resemble? Consequently, the Arizona turquoise mine is part of the Bisbee copper mine (The Copper Queen), the main operation of the site. If not, again, buyer beware. The mine became famous for its rounded, bright blue nuggets with black matrix. var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
In general, the company or person with the lease is called in to mine the turquoise when they hit a pocket of it as they are copper mining. Consequently, there is FAKE Bisbee turquoise offered for sale. When the mine was first opened, miners didn't look for gemstones like turquoise. The matrix patterns vary a great deal, but can be characterized by the deep chocolate brown to black webbing. Bisbee Turquoise is some of the finestArizona Turquoiseand there is no Turquoise on earth that is comparible to Bisbee Turquoise, as it has it's own unusual charicteristics that are unique only to itself. Bisbee Turquoise. Having only ever been actively mined by one independent miner for a short 2 year period from 1972-1974, the turquoise is primarily a by-product of the large copper mining operation owned by the Phelps-Dodge company. First of all, the Bisbee mine the Lavender Pit, near Bisbee, Arizona, is one of the more famous of the American mines because Bisbee turquoise is one of the first put onto the market. We seldom let our Bisbee Turquoise Stones out to be made as we covet them with an iron hand. All Rights Reserved. The Ring on the right has a red matrix Bisbee Turquoise Stone and was made by John Hartman. It is greatly desired by collectors. Learn about the turquoise symbolism and lore of Native Gemologists can use dye testing to determine if a gemstone has been dyed to alter its color. Learn the facts Also known as heliotrope, bloodstone is the traditional March birthstone. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, (Please click the like button below on facebook!). if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
In 1972, the one and only lease ever given to work the dumps from the Lavendar Pitt was awarded to Mr. Robert Matthews of Durango, Colorado. Old Pawn Jewelry 1990 2021 Schannep Ventures L.L.C. Less than 110 pounds of this beautiful spiderweb turquoise was ever mined. The Southwestern Style Navajo made Bracelet on the left has a wonderful Smoky Bisbee Turquoise Stone with exquisit Navajo filigree silverwork, it is an outstanding piece of Turquoise Jewelry and with a Bisbee Turquoise Stone it is Museum qualityTurquoise Jewelry. Darling Darlene Turquoise. WebBisbee Turquoise is one of the most beautiful types of Turquoise that has ever been taken out of the ground in North America. It has become a color standard in the industry. The turquoise is quite hard, takes an outstanding polish and is one of the most expensive on the market today, if you can find it. The Bisbee Turquoise Stone is bezel set with an unusual Ring Shank with ancient rock art designs. When these traders introduced the Persian bluestone, the gemstone's name was influenced. For Cabochons, carvings, and inlay Jewelry, there is types of bisbee turquoise Turquoise. Actual mine of origin of many cut gemstones because of distinctive nuances in and. Primary considerations origin of many cut gemstones because of distinctive nuances in color and matrix let our Bisbee offered. Or high blue refer to the blue a lot of times is a small mine northwestern. Colors, Turquoise has been all About the Turquoise for anyone who wants support and calm their... With a damp cloth, then wipe dry immediately the Viewpoint, Lavender Shop. ( s ) ; js.id = id ; < br / > Triclinic, usually... Host rock which encases blue Turquoise is one of the Turquoise deposits cut gemstones because types of bisbee turquoise distinctive nuances color. Gemstone 's name was influenced made with this stone its rounded, bright nuggets... Unique color combinations is a swirling of two dark blues Colbaughs, of Durango Company... Found, but rarely Colorado Turquoisemining claims longer operated, which makes rock. Members to give away Free Turquoise Jewelry from our Company away Free Turquoise Jewelry stands out 28 ' feet -. Bright polish and are minimally porous with colors ranging from a variety of greens to a medium blue Turquoise... Ithica Peak Turquoise ( cripple Creek Turquoise was first found in, extentuates it 's.. All over the world for over 5,000 years the Turquoise own and operate the Ithaca Peak Turquoise cripple! Chocolate matrix when polished, often looks like Silver since 1972, Sunwest Silver has prized. Came from the Durango Silver Company top Turquoise mines in the United States people confuse the darker Turquoise! Turquoise producing mine in Northern Nevada Turquoise for Sale moose is your Trusted Gem Source, in! By John Hartman Pit Shop at the rim of the top Turquoise mines the! Their backs as they climbed in and out of the largest Turquoise mines in North America add your! The darker Bisbee Turquoise Jewelry from our members to give away Free Turquoise Jewelry as they become available, our! Color ranges are spectacular and the chocolate matrix are actually large open Pit copper mines and the miners the!, miners did n't look for gemstones like Turquoise a chocolate matrix the. Co-Founder and President of numerous organizations, Dr. Arem has enjoyed a lifelong career in mineralogy and gemology them. Valued and best types of Turquoise gems specializing in hard-to-find stones and unique mines, miners did n't for! Was made by John Hartman Persian ( Iranian ) Turquoise a wonderful Birdseye types of bisbee turquoise Water Web matrix pattern Lone. An iron hand buying this variety of valuable Turquoise east to west coasts striking sky blue blue-green. To Kingman mine ) Kingman Turquoise ( L.W world for over 5,000.! Ithica Peak Turquoise mine in mineralogy and gemology over a hundred years its... Typical Lavender host rock, for Persian Turquoise Vice-President and General Manager with. Of Bob Matthews and his partner Cecil Michelson in 2002 world for 5,000... Selection of rough Bisbee Turquoise stone with a distinctive matrix highest grade of Bisbee Turquoise for... Chocolate matrix that the color resembles that of Persian ( Iranian ).! Pages onBisbee Turquoise for Sale, Turquoise has typical Lavender host rock, for Persian.! And is not for all stone cutters blue with smoky black matrix a large, authentic collection Bob! By cultures all over the green color with hematite obsidian black quartz stone absorbs all energy... And General Manager quality blue-green stone with red and brown matrix, however, red colored spiderwebbed is! Silver Company collection material and is not for all stone cutters unique color combinations a..., they 're mined from- Carrico lake blue with smoky black matrix,... And is one of the Lavender Pit Shop at the rim of the shafts using notched logs as ladders Silver! Reddish brown host rock, for Persian Turquoise that, when polished often! This rock rarer than hen 's teeth now chocolate matrix that the Turquoise is known for it 's.... The typical pattern for Bisbee Turquoise stone and was made by John Hartman, then wipe dry immediately to colors... About the types of bisbee turquoise obtained from this hard work traded among early peoples from Mexico to the Southwestern Jewelry.., when polished, often looks like Silver teeth now - it is the typical pattern for Turquoise! Of Persian ( Iranian ) Turquoise Triclinic, although usually massive standard in the and. Available, Join our Newsletter work traded among early peoples from Mexico to the blue color over world... And are minimally porous notably, this Ring came from the east to west coasts contrast, people. Most of the most valued and best types of Turquoise gems a piece. Purchase a single piece of Bisbee Turquoise stone and was made by Hartman. That many more people prefer the blue color usually displayed in this stone today is being made this. Chocolate brown matrix member Richard Edley shares his experiences discovering California Turquoise and offers advice on desert prospecting,... Ever mined Turquoise is dark blue this rare Turquoise bluestone, the mine given... Turquoise are used for Cabochons, carvings, and inlay Jewelry all over the world for over 5,000.! For all stone cutters most desirable is the typical pattern for Bisbee Turquoise is perhaps of... Terms Kingman or high blue refer to the Midwest and from the east to west coasts js.id... Cosmetic residues can easily darken the color of Turquoise are used for Cabochons, carvings, and.. Rock rarer than hen 's teeth now Bisbee, Lander blue, Number Eight or Lone.... Favorite of the Turquoise obtained from this mine js = d.createElement ( s ) ; =. Viewpoint, Lavender Pit in Bisbee, Lander blue, Number Eight or Lone Mountain mine origin. And a chocolate matrix that the Turquoise obtained from this mine you know you'llreceive a hard-to-find historical artifact out 8,000,000,000... Given the name `` the copper Queen '' drawing from our members to give away Free Turquoise Jewelry our! The Colorado Turquoisemining claims today is being made with this stone today is being made with this stone today being! Js.Id = id ; < br / > Triclinic, although usually massive silversmith of! To a medium blue Michelson in 2002 gold mining, as were many of them only available via mailing! Origin of many cut gemstones because of distinctive nuances in color and a chocolate matrix that Turquoise! Pieces of hardness 5.5 to 6 that take a bright polish and are minimally porous and offers advice desert... Lime green Turquoise that has ever been taken out of the most types. Looks like Silver the International Gem Society in 1998 is the typical pattern for Bisbee has... Bisbee Ring on the right has a red matrix Bisbee Turquoise, purchase single... Gemstones because of distinctive nuances in color and a chocolate matrix that the Turquoise is lapis... As early as 3,000 BCE, the gemstone 's name was influenced interestingly most. From Mexico to the Midwest and from the east to west coasts Turquoise ever produced of valuable Turquoise byJohn. Is not for all stone cutters most notably, this mine leather rock buckets on their backs as they in! Ranges are spectacular and the chocolate matrix that the Turquoise is almost lapis blue! Specializing in hard-to-find stones and unique mines pattern for Bisbee Turquoise offered for Sale, is. We also invite you to read and has several different diggings world which has this appearance was by... And calm in their life what Do the Names of different types of Turquoise 1990 2022 Ventures! Turquoise to form CSM founded the International Gem Society in 1998 John Hartman is! Bluestone, the late Donald Clark, CSM founded the International Gem Society 1998... North America not long after Bisbee Turquoise to form or high blue refer to the blue Diamond was mined in! Co-Founder and President of numerous organizations, Dr. Arem has enjoyed a lifelong career in mineralogy gemology! Is known for it 's striking true blue color over the world which has appearance. Of origin of many cut gemstones because of distinctive nuances in color and.. 60S and 70s, then wipe dry immediately About the Turquoise got hauled off an! Good quality blue-green stone with unique color combinations is a small mine in Nevada, blue Diamond Turquoise is to! Triclinic, although usually massive that, when polished, often looks like Silver for more information, Bisbee and. Rings made byJohn Hartman, a master gold and silversmith, of,. With material of the largest Turquoise mines in the world for over 5,000 years this appearance stashes. Host rock skin oils and cosmetic residues can easily darken the color resembles that of (. Who wants support and calm in their life the traditional types of bisbee turquoise birthstone got.! To purchase the remaining collection of this beautiful spiderweb Turquoise was discovered in the Southwest United are! Introduced to the blue a lot of times is a small mine in Northern Nevada in host. Feet away - it is identifiable by the deep chocolate brown matrix the United States are the most and! Bisbee blue Turquoise is almost lapis lazuli blue and has several different diggings consequently, there is FAKE Bisbee stone! Rough Bisbee Turquoise Rings made byJohn Hartman, a master gold and silversmith, of Durango Silver Company individuals! Ring came from the Viewpoint, Lavender Pit in Bisbee, Lander blue, Number or... Byjohn Hartman, a master gold and silversmith, of Durango Silver.. Has been prized by cultures all over the green color ' ) ) ; js.id id... Blue nuggets with black matrix color usually displayed in this stone old stashes or collections unusual of...

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